$\LaTeX{}$之快速编译和删除中间文件
本文介绍了在 \(\LaTeX{}\) 中如何使用批处理文件和Makefile来实现快速编译和删除中间文件，保持工作目录的清爽整洁。
批处理文件
在Windows下可以使用批处理文件来处理，也可以使用Makefile(但需配置make环境)。这里为了操作简单性，在Windows下只介绍如何使用批处理文件来实现快速删除中间文件和快速编译。
快速删除中间文件（辅助文件）
步骤如下：
-
新建文本文件命名为
clean.bat； -
复制下面的代码放到文本文件中；
@echo off echo Cleaning auxiliary files... del /s /q "*.aux" "*.log" "*.out" "*.bbl" "*.blg" "*.toc" "*.lof" "*.lot" "*.synctex.gz" echo Cleaning completed! pause -
将文件放入主文件（.tex）所在文件夹中，双击运行即可删除中间文件以及子文件夹中的中间文件。
快速编译并删除中间文件
步骤如下：
-
新建文本文件命名为
compile.bat； -
复制下面的代码放到文本文件中；
@echo off :: ============================================== :: LaTeX Compile Automation Script (XeLaTeX + BibTeX) :: Usage: Drag and drop the .tex file onto this script or manually specify the file name :: ============================================== :: set variable set TEX_COMPILER=xelatex set BIB_COMPILER=bibtex set MAX_ATTEMPTS=3 set LOG_EXTENSIONS=*.aux *.log *.out *.bbl *.blg *.toc *.lof *.lot *.synctex.gz :: Check whether the file is obtained by dragging if "%~1"=="" ( echo Error: Please drag the .tex file onto this script or manually specify the file name pause exit /b 1 ) :: Extract the file name (without extension) set "TEX_FILE=%~1" set "BASE_NAME=%~n1" :: Compile function definition :compile echo. echo =============== Start Compiling... =============== echo Compiling document: %TEX_FILE% :: First XeLaTeX Compilation echo. echo [1/4] First %TEX_COMPILER% compiling... %TEX_COMPILER% -interaction=nonstopmode -synctex=1 "%BASE_NAME%.tex" if %ERRORLEVEL% neq 0 ( echo Error: First %TEX_COMPILER% Compilation failed goto error_handling ) :: BibTeX Compilation echo. echo [2/4] %BIB_COMPILER% compiling reference... %BIB_COMPILER% "%BASE_NAME%.aux" if %ERRORLEVEL% neq 0 ( echo Warning: %BIB_COMPILER% There may be issues with the compilation (check the .blg file) ) :: Second XeLaTeX Compilation echo. echo [3/4] Second %TEX_COMPILER% compiling... %TEX_COMPILER% -interaction=nonstopmode -synctex=1 "%BASE_NAME%.tex" if %ERRORLEVEL% neq 0 ( echo Error: Second %TEX_COMPILER% Compilation failed goto error_handling ) :: Third XeLaTeX Compilation (Ensure correct cross-referencing) echo. echo [4/4] Third %TEX_COMPILER% compiling... %TEX_COMPILER% -interaction=nonstopmode -synctex=1 "%BASE_NAME%.tex" if %ERRORLEVEL% neq 0 ( echo Error: Third %TEX_COMPILER% Compilation failed goto error_handling ) :: Cleaning auxiliary files (Optional) echo. echo Cleaning auxiliary files... del /s /q %LOG_EXTENSIONS% 2>nul :: Completed Successfully echo. echo =============== Compilation Completed Successfully =============== echo Final output file: %BASE_NAME%.pdf start "" "%BASE_NAME%.pdf" :: Automatically open the generated PDF goto end :: Error Handling :error_handling set /a ATTEMPTS+=1 if %ATTEMPTS% lss %MAX_ATTEMPTS% ( echo. echo Attempting to fix the issue (attempt %ATTEMPTS%/3)... goto compile ) echo. echo =============== Compilation Failed =============== echo After %MAX_ATTEMPTS% attempts, it has not been successful. Please check the logs: type "%BASE_NAME%.log" | more goto end :end pause -
将文件放入主文件（.tex）所在文件夹中，拖动主文件到该脚本上，或者命令行运行：
compile.bat main.tex。
注意事项：
TEX_COMPILER可更换为pdflatex或lualatex编译命令，且删除辅助文件的命令可选择删除掉，避免每次都需要重新生成中间文件浪费时间。 Makefile
常规编译方法
# 定义编译器 LATEX = xelatex # 定义需要清理的辅助文件扩展名 AUX_FILES = *.aux *.log *.out *.toc *.lof *.lot *.bbl *.blg *.synctex.gz *.fls *.fdb_latexmk *.run.xml *.nav *.snm *.vrb *.bcf *.idx *.ilg *.ind *.xdv # 获取当前目录下所有 .tex 文件（排除带空格的文件名） TEX_FILES = $(wildcard *.tex) PDF_FILES = $(TEX_FILES:.tex=.pdf) # 默认目标：编译所有 .tex 文件 all: $(PDF_FILES) @echo "编译完成！" # 模式规则：从 .tex 生成 .pdf %.pdf: %.tex $(LATEX) -interaction=nonstopmode -halt-on-error $< #@# 如果有参考文献，运行 biber 或 bibtex #@if [ -f $(basename $<).bcf ]; then biber $(basename $<); fi #@if [ -f $(basename $<).aux ]; then bibtex $(basename $<); fi @# 第二次编译确保交叉引用正确 $(LATEX) -interaction=nonstopmode -halt-on-error $< #@# 第三次编译确保所有引用稳定 #$(LATEX) -interaction=nonstopmode -halt-on-error $< # 清理所有辅助文件 clean: @echo "正在清理辅助文件..." @rm -f $(AUX_FILES) @echo "清理完成！" # 编译并清理（常用目标） build: all clean .PHONY: all clean build
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